Statistics:
HIV/AIDS, Malaria, and Tuberculosis:
HIV/AIDS
- Because of AIDS, South Africa ’s population will be 44% smaller in 2050 than it would have been without the epidemic. There were 747,000 AIDS deaths in South Africa through 2000, with AIDS increasing mortality by 13%. Between 2000 and 2015, there will be an expected 9.3 million AIDS deaths. Studies suggest that South Africa has more people living with HIV/AIDS than any other country in the world. (http://ari.ucsf.edu/policy/profiles/SouthAfrica.pdf)
- In sub-Saharan Africa in 1997, an estimated 4.0 million people were newly infected with HIV, 530,000 of who were children. This amounts to 11,000 new infections per day. (http://www.cdc.gov/reproductivehealth/Africa_pdf/Africa_bk.pdf)
- Between the early 1980s and the 1990s, HIV seroprevalence rates increased dramatically in many groups:
|
Country (Population) |
Year/ % HIV-infected |
Year/ % HIV-infected |
|
Nairobi, Kenya (Men attending STI clinics) |
1981/ 3% |
1990/ 23% |
|
Adidjan, Cote (Adults) |
1987/ 1% |
1991/ 7% |
|
Nairobi, Kenya (Pregnant Women) |
1985/ 2% |
1991/ 13% |
|
Nigeria (Blood Donors) |
1987/ None |
1990/ 1.5% |
|
Free State, South Africa (Pregnant Women) |
1993/ 4.3% |
1995/ 11% |
|
Kwazulu/Natal, South Africa (Pregnant Women) |
1993/ 9.6% |
1995/ 18% |
Although some countries have been able to slow the incidence of new infections with aggressive prevention programs, infection rates are still increasing in many regions. (http://www.cdc.gov/reproductivehealth/Africa_pdf/Africa_bk.pdf)
Note: It is not possible to test entire populations for HIV, so the exact numbers of HIV-infected people are not known. Most of the available statistics describe the final stage, AIDS, and not HIV infection. Therefore, when reading about AIDS cases, keep in mind that these statistics do not include most people infected with HIV, who are not yet sick.
Percentage of the Adult Population with HIV
http://www.equilibri.net/mappe/africa/africa_adu-hiv.gif
MALARIA
- Each year, more than 300 million clinical cases of acute malarial illness occur, mainly affecting the world's poorest populations. More than 1 million people die each year from malaria, and 90% of these deaths occur in children in sub-Saharan Africa. (http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/eid/vol7no3_supp/teklehaimanot.htm)
- On April 25, Africa Malaria Day 2005 marks the fifth anniversary of the Abuja declaration, when heads of state and representatives of 44 African countries set a goal to reduce the number of deaths from malaria by 50% by 2010. Additional information about Africa Malaria Day is available at http://www.afro.who.int/amd2004/.
- According to the World Health Organization, every 30 seconds a child in Africa dies from malaria. Of the estimated 1 million malaria deaths occurring each year worldwide, 90% occur in Africa, primarily among young children (http://mosquito.who.int/cmc_upload/0/000/015/372/RBMInfosheet_1.htm.).
World Malaria Situation
Malaria is endemic to tropical and subtropical regions.
(Picture from: http://mosquito.who.int/cmc_upload/0/000/015/372/RBMInfosheet_1.htm)
TUBERCULOSIS
- About a third of the 25 million Africans infected with HIV, the virus that causes AIDS, will die of tuberculosis, a disease that ravages lung tissue. Tuberculosis, also known as TB, is the leading cause of death among people with AIDS. Worldwide, about 5000 people die every day from TB. Most of those deaths occur in Africa, where extreme poverty, lack of adequate health facilities and rampant HIV infection rates are exacerbating an already alarming TB crisis. (http://www.voanews.com/english/Africa/2004-10-19-voa27.cfm)
Cases of Tuberculosis (per 100,000)
Tuberculosis Rate:
|
|
91 to 610 |
|
|
49 to 90 |
|
|
31 to 48 |
|
|
15 to 30 |
|
|
0 to 14 |
Picture from: http://www.overpopulation.com/faq/Health/infectious_diseases/tuberculosis/maps/africa.html
UNAIDS Facts Sheet
